MRCP revision

- condition of limited joint mobility that occur in diabetics - characterised by thickening of skin resulting in contracture of fingers ...

- Patients are deprived of fluid for 8 hours or until 5% of body weight is loss - patient should be weighed hourly - plasma osmolality is ...

- a.k.a De Quervain's /granulomatous / viral thyroiditis - peak incidence 30-50 years, women affected 3 times more common than men - ...

- 2 main incretins, GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide) - secreted by L cells of ileum and...

- due to mutation of PTH receptor with abnormality of the Gs alpha subunit with reduced cAMP production following a PTH infusion - hypocal...

- autosomal dominant - mutation in gene on long arm of chromosome 3 encoding for calcium ion sensing G protein coupled receptor in kidney a...

- Cushing's syndrome refers to the sustained overproduction of cortisol which causes centripetal obesity with moon face, Buffalo hump, h...

- hirsutism, ambiguous genitalia and precocious puberty in boys - premature epiphyseal closure is a classical feature - hyperpigmentation ...

- DIDMOAD (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness) - autosomal recessive - mutation in transmembrane gene, WFS1

Differential diagnosis 1) Renal artery stenosis / Renin secreting tumor ( secondary hyperaldosteronism ) - high renin ; high aldosterone...

- presents with polyuria, nocturia and compensatory polydipsia - high or high normal plasma osmolality with low urine osmolality ( low osmo...

- a.k.a proximal diabetic neuropathy - usually seen in older men with diabetes - presents with painful wasting , usually asymmetrical of q...

- monogenic diabetes mellitus - early onset of diabetes with strong family history, often easy to control - autosomal dominant - MODY 3 ...

- rare alpha cell tumor - 90% associated with skin rash ( necrolytic migratory erythema ) - 70% are malignant, metastasis are common at ...

Type 1 - autosomal recessive, rare - mutation of AIRE gene on chromosome 21 - hypoparathyroidism, addison's disease, chronic mucocuta...

- associated with MEN II , Sturge Weber syndrome and von Hippel Lindau syndrome - presents with hypertension, headache, palpitation, excess...

- autosomal dominant - MEN-1 gene is a tumor suppressor gene producing menin (chromosome 11) - MEN-2 gene is ret proto-oncogen (receptor...

- autosomal dominant - mutation in muscle voltage gated calcium channel gene (CACLN1A3) - associated with thyrotoxicosis - commonly caus...

Things to remember for Bartter's , Gitelman's & Liddle's syndrome - all present with hypokalemia + metabolic alkalosis ...